Chronic long-standing GERD may cause certain complications that have been described below:
Esophageal erosions: Inflammation of the esophagus, ulcers or breaks in the lining of the esophagus can occur due to repeated contact with refluxed acid from the stomach.
Esophageal strictures: Repeated damage to the esophageal lining caused by acid reflux forms a scar tissue (stricture). These strictures can trap food and cause difficulty in swallowing.
Barrett's esophagus: In some patients, the normal esophageal lining, or epithelium, may be replaced with abnormal epithelium. This condition is called Barrett's esophagus and it has been linked to cancer of the esophagus.
Inflammation of the vocal cords due to refluxed acid; this may lead to hoarseness of voice.
Lung (pulmonary) aspiration, asthma and chronic pulmonary disease may also be caused by GERD.
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Complications 
